<kuid:142675:500790> Ty1-76

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In 1916 railway officials had to concede that there was no heavy freight locomotive adequate to the task of hauling heavy military supply trains in the inventory of any of the german state railways. Prodded by the German General Staff, the Prussian Ministry of Public Works initiated design of a new heavy freight locomotive. The first exemplars of the new class G 12.2 were ready by 1917. It incorporated the most advanced design features known to German locomotive designers of the day. Although none of those features were entirely new, their combination was, breaking with established design practices for freight locomotives of the Prussian State Railways, and the other German State Railways as well.
Intended a heavy freight locomotive it had five coupled axles of 1400 mm diameter and a leading Bissel-type truck. The latter was a design feature German locomotive designers had quite reluctantly come to accept with freight locomotives. It did, however, permit the maximum speed to be fixed at 65 km/h as opposed to the 45 - 50 km/h permitted for five-coupled freight locomotives without leading truck. The Bissel type truck allowed 80 mm radial play of the leading axle towards either side. The second and fifth driven axle were given 25 mm lateral play. The axles were borne in an american style bar frame, which State Railways in Southern Germany had started to use in the preceding decade. Unlike the more powerful South German locomotives of the day, the G12.2 was powered by a 3 cylinder single expansion steam engine with cylindrical valves, Heusinger-Walschaerts valve gear and operating with superheated steam. The large boiler rested on top of the frame allowing a wide and large grate. Because of this, the centreline of the boiler was at an unprecedented hight of 3,0 m abouve ground level. The firebox was of the Belpaire type. It was also one of the first locomotives using a surface feedwater preheater in conjunction with a steam powered piston pump.
Except for the Belpaire type firebox, all major design features of the G12.2 were incorporated into the set of general principles which governed design of the standardized locomotive types, Deutsche Reichsbahn was to introduce 10 to 15 years later. It was therefore dubbed as the first of the German standard locomotives by some railway autors. It certainly constituted an important step towards the modern, standardized designs of later years.
It was also the first Prussian designed locomotive procured in considerable numbers by the state railways of Baden, Württemberg, Alsace-Lorraine and Saxony.
One locomotive was found in Poland after World War I, which was taken over by PKP as class Ty1. The letters Ty denote 1'E freight locomotives. It inspired design of a 1'Eh2 freight locomotives named class Ty23. During World War II rolling stock of Germany and that of the german occupied countries was pretty much mixed up. An inventory taken after cessation of hostilities showed 134 Ty locomotives left in Poland. Among them were a number of Ty1 locomotives. Some of them were later exchanged with Deutsche Reichsbahn for Ty23 locomotives found in East Germany. The remainder were withdrawn from service during the 1960s. One of them, Ty1-76 was preserved and restaured at the Wolsztyn depot, where it is kept as a static exhibit.
A G12 of Baden origin was purchased from East Germany's Deutsche Reichsbahn in the 1980s and maintained in a operational state by a West German preservation society named Ulmer Eisenbahnfreunde. During summer weekends it often hauls tourist trains on the Albtal line in the northern Black Forest. In 2004 extensive restauration has started at the repair shops of the Albtal Verkehrs Gesellschaft, which has a long record of allowing and supporting operation of steam trains on her tracks. Other exemplars of the G 12.2 are found in various stages of preservation at railway museums in Germany